Section 7482 interlocutory appeals are even more extraordinary than nonparty depositions in Tax Court. The Section 7482(a)(2)(A) triple-jump, proving the case 1) involves a controlling question of law (2) about which there is a substantial ground for difference of opinion and (3) an immediate appeal from the order may materially advance the ultimate termination of the litigation, trips up even the inventive.

Judge Cary Douglas (“C-Doug”) Pugh leans on number 3 above to shoot down Silver Moss Properties, LLC, Silas Mine Investments, LLC, Tax Matters Partner, Docket No. 10646-21, filed 10/17/25.

Y’all will recall the Mossbacks wanted a jury trial for the Section 6663 fraud chop IRS wildcarded in via an amended answer. No? Well, check out my blogpost “Full House,” 8/21/25.

Judge Pugh drops a heavy-duty, law review style footnote blowing off number 2 above with somber reasoning and copious citation of precedent galore, but ends up saying “we do not need to rely upon petitioner’s failure to satisfy this second requirement, because petitioner’s failure to satisfy the third requirement is fatal to its motion.” Order, at p. 2, footnote 2.

The real issue here is “whether petitioner is entitled to claim a noncash charitable contribution deduction for the contribution of a conservation easement and, if so, the amount of that deduction. This primary issue will occupy most of the trial time, as it will require testimony by most, if not all, of the anticipated fact witnesses and likely all of the expert witnesses. The fraud penalty will apply only if we reject petitioner’s position on the primary issue and we also conclude that respondent met his burden of proving the fraud penalty applies. And the fact witnesses who testify regarding the fraud penalty are likely to testify regarding the facts relating to the primary issue. Eliminating the fraud penalty will only shorten their testimony regarding the secondary penalty issue; it will not eliminate the need for trial or the need for testimony of the fact or expert witnesses.” Order, at p. 2.

And Section 6662 negligence and substantial understatement of tax chops are still out there, which require defending in much the same way as fraud chops.

The Mossbacks claim that resolving the fraud chops will enhance prospects of settlement. Judge Pugh isn’t so sure that is relevant, but the CCAs are all over the lot on that. Resolving any question of law would shorten any trial, but that’s no reason for an interlocutory appeal on every disputed point of law.

Anyway, Judge Pugh thinks she might win on appeal, and that wouldn’t shorten anything.

Craig K. Potts and Kristen H. Potts, T. C. Memo. 2025-108, filed 10/16/25, claim they were robbed in Turks & Caicos when they bought some stock in a gambling operation. Craig & Kris were cash machinists in Native American casinos who diversified into slot machinery in those delightful Islands in the Sun.

There, they claim, two dudes who ran a routing operation (running the slots, taking the cash, paying the taxes to the T&C Gaming Commission and dividends to the lucky shareholders) told them the $2.5 million USD Craig & Kris paid them for stock in the business was going back into the business, except they absconded with $2 million USD thereof, hence the theft loss they took and IRS disallowed. The absconders never installed the legendary neon sign in the hotel where they were supposed to build this fancy casino which never got built.

Except.

If you claim you’re robbed, you have to prove it. Craig & Kris put in no evidence of Turks & Caicos law; their factual theft claim was supported by a lawyer who didn’t represent them and whose testimony Judge Cary Douglas Pugh found unworthy of belief. T. C. Memo. 2025-108, at p. 17.

Judge Pugh goes through the local law herself and finds the only offense that could qualify requires a written statement, which Craig & Kris don’t have. The purchase documents don’t say anything about what the seller is to do with the proceeds of sale, and have the usual integration clause (“entire agreement of the parties, no oral or written document contradicts”).

Anyway, Craig & Kris bought the stock from a corporation which the alleged fraudsters controlled. Craig & Kris never said the stock was worthless and could only raise the Section 165(g) claim on an independent event showing worthlessness. If anyone was deceived it was the corporation whose cash the alleged fraudsters supposedly took.

If you want to find out about how slot machinists do their thing in Turks & Caicos, read the opinion. Me, when I was there forty years ago, I went sailing and swimming.

That’s Judge Rose E. (“Cracklin'”) Jenkins’ take on how Appeals (and IRS’ trial counsel) handled Avalon Home Health, Inc., T. C. Memo. 2025-107, filed 10/16/25, when they tried to work out an IA.

Though proper mailing of the SND and the Letter 3172 which followed was disputed, Judge Jenkins finds that the defective USPS Form 3877 is probative evidence (if not enough to raise a presumption) of mailing, hence Avalon can’t dispute underlying liability, but only abuse of discretion. Here, though it looks like Appeals verified all steps, “given the absence from the administrative record of documents apparently reviewed by Appeals, this Court declines to conclude that there was no abuse of discretion with regard to the verification requirement.” T. C. Memo. 2025-107, at p.l13. (Footnote omitted, but it says the USPS Form 3877 for Letter 3172 and the Notice CP210 are not in the administrative record IRS filed).

While discussion of installment payments and partial payments by Avalon’s officers did happen, “entry into an installment agreement requires more formality than an offer by a taxpayer and continued payment on an optimistic assumption that it will be accepted—specifically, a written agreement.” T. C. Memo. 2025-107, at p. 14.

Nevertheless, Avalon’s trip to Appeals went through four (count ’em, four) separate AOs over a three year period, while Avalon’s request for audit reconsideration was on hold because Avalon asked for a CDP; unhappily, nobody told either Avalon or Appeals that the CDP had to be withdrawn to get audit reconsideration. Avalon refused, afraid if they did drop the CDP their payments and IA would be gone. And the NOD states Avalon dropped its request for an IA, which Avalon disputes.

Finally, “neither the record nor petitioner’s posture before this Court lends credence to the idea that petitioner indicated disinterest in an installment agreement, supporting a denial. And there is no other indication in the record of why the installment agreement actually was denied. It is also not clear whether the one-week deadline that the Fourth SO gave petitioner’s representative to reply to him was reasonable, given the years-long pendency of petitioner’s case, the delays in which can largely be attributed to the IRS’s failure to communicate about petitioner’s audit reconsideration request. Cf. Long v. Commissioner, T.C. Memo. 2023-130, at *10. Thus, this Court cannot conclude that the denial was not an abuse of discretion.” T. C. Memo. 2025-107, at p. 16.

For the story of Kevin Long, see my blogpost “I’ve Heard That Song Before,” 10/30/23.

Back to Appeals to clean this up, hopefully to give the Avalons their IA, with full credit for payments made.

Judge Jeffrey S. (“Schwer”) Arbeit tells IRS and Newell Brands Inc. & Subsidiaries, Docket No. 11897-24, filed 10/16/25 to keep negotiating a protocol to protect the documents and testimony that “‘may’ include ‘sensitive information’ the disclosure of which ‘could’ result in a competitor gaining some “unfair advantage” or simply in general ‘adverse economic damage.’” Order, at p. 4.

Newell asked for a Rule 103(c) blanket covering 25 (count ’em, 25) categories, including 14 that Newell could wildcard in at any time. See Order, at p. 1 for the whole story, too voluminous for me to reprint or attempt to summarize.

Judge Shwer Arbeit lives up to his cognomen, writing a précis of caselaw from Willie Nelson to Microsemi. That the proposed protective order would encompass material upwards of ten (count ’em, ten) years old is also a factor. Old grows cold. See Order, at p. 4.

In short, see Matthew 10:27.

And of course Sections 7458 and 7461 get an airing (public hearings and public evidence), with the saver that discovery materials that never make it to trial get a higher level of protection.

Here’s what IRS offers Newell: “To the extent Petitioner wishes to identify for Respondent specific documents or portions of documents that meet the requirements of Rule 103, Respondent remains willing to review any such proposal. Additionally, to the extent Petitioner identifies specific, concrete examples of documents that Petitioner considers to be trade secrets, e.g., a specific, named patent or process, Respondent is willing to review those examples and, if warranted, agree that documents of the same c haracter should be protected.” Order, at p. 4.

Judge Schwer Arbeit says you can’t say fairer than that. No blanket protective order, go talk among yourselves.

It had to happen, but I could not have predicted it. Judge Joseph W. Nega has encountered The Mad Comedian, and he tells the story in Coaches 101 a NJ Nonprofit, T. C. Memo. 2025-106, filed 10/15/25.

Coaches was incorporated as “a publication . . . to help children in all areas, whether it is childrens [sic] books or getting high school students into college. Coaches 101 is about getting the children the right education to play in sports and conitue [sic] with there [sic] careers.” T. C. Memo. 2025-106, at p. 2. Its Certificate of Incorporation and by-laws puzzle Judge Nega, as one refers to a board of trustees and the other to a board of directors, but the Form 1023 application for 501(c)(3) status really confuses.

“The application explains that petitioner ‘was basically organized to act as the license holder of Omar Dyer as a literary agency.” It further explains that on January 1, 2020, Mr. Dyer created a ‘social media based foundation” called ‘My Plan Challenge Foundation Fund’ with the goal of pursuing blogs, podcasts, and other entertainment media related to Mr. Dyer’s Mad Comedian project. The application states: ‘The future plans of this company is [sic] to be a foundation that is directed around the new face of the company in Mad Comedian.’

“At some point, as the application notes, Mr. Dyer ‘changed his status from a volunteer to actual employee getting wages.’ It also explains that petitioner maintains a ‘Profit Sharing Program” (PSP) and Simplified Employee Pension Plan (SEP IRA) for the benefit of its employees. As described, the PSP provides that ‘executive employees will be have [sic] an agreement with the organization for personal funds used by the organization, and given back to the employee once when the organization creates a profit.’ The specific agreement between petitioner and Mr. Dyer provides that ‘[a]ny and all profits after expenses . . . are eligible for profit-sharing. Profits will be calculated as sales operations for that period minus expenses for that time period . . . .’” T. C Memo. 2025-106, at pp. 3-4.

Judge Nega gives this outfit the operational test (does it work for charitable purposes, with no substantial part of operations inuring to the benefit of any insiders). He needn’t run the organizational checklist.

“The only activities petitioner puts forward that could plausibly, taken at face value, qualify as exempt activities are vague assertions it ‘helped’ host an event for children and wrote a handful of recommendation letters for high school students. These do little to overcome the abundant evidence that petitioner’s primary activities are commercial ventures designed to earn a profit with no apparent connection to an exempt purpose.” T. C. Memo. 2025-106, at p. 8.

There’s procedural argy-bargy, which you can read for yourself. At close of play, summary J for IRS bouncing the application.

Who said Tax Court is dull?

I certainly don’t claim that Tax Court gets the majority of off-the-wall maneuvers, nevertheless litigants both ordinary good faith types and rounders, protesters, defiers, wits, wags, and wiseacres devise novelties. These tend to clump and the new craze becomes a trend.

Y’all will recollect Melvyn Duane Salter’s latest pas seul. What, no? How fleeting is fame. OK, then check out my blogpost “The President in Tax Court,” 10/7/25.

At the time, I thought this was a novel one-off from a rounder with a solid track record.

But maybe Melvyn Duane has started something that has legs.

Leo Cono, Docket No. 17671-24W, filed 10/14/25, is making his debut in Tax Court and on this my blog, but he’s given STJ Lewis (“There’s Music in That Name”) Carluzzo something to think about. Leo made a motion to take a deposition, which in a record-ruler like a Section 7623 whistleblower case is a nonstarter. Even more so, as IRS has moved to toss Leo for want of jurisdiction (sounds like a “no dough, you go.”).

“The relief sought in petitioner’s motion is less than clear, but it appears that the proposed deponent is the President of the United States. Although we wonder about the merits of petitioner’s motion, we think it imprudent to resolve it before addressing the Court’s jurisdiction over this matter.” Order, at p. 1. STJ Lew holds Leo’s motion in abeyance.

STJ Lew, you aren’t the only one wondering. Is the President in Tax Court the next big thing?

CSTJ Zachary S. (“High-Rise”) Fried echoes the words never spoken by Alfonso Bedoya in the 1948 thirty-sixth greatest film of all time to IRS and Lisa K. Jewell in Robert W. Jewell, Deceased & Lisa K. Jewell, Docket No. 11803-24S, filed 10/14/25. IRS moves to toss the petition as to both the late Robert and Lisa.

The late Robert passed post-petition and no fiduciary is appointed to represent him. Hence, CSTJ Fried wants to dismiss the petition as to him for lack of prosecution, nihil obstat.

OTOH, Lisa K. Jewell and IRS proffer a Proposed Stipulated Decision.

This causes procedural indigestion, as “the Court may enter only one decision in any case,” Order, at p. 1. So, to enter the proposed Stip as a decision leaves unresolved the dismissal as to the late Robert. Recharacterizing the Stip Decision as a Stip of Settled Issues still falls short.

CSTJ Fried starts by recharacterizing IRS’ initial motion as a Motion to Dismiss for Lack of Prosecution as to Robert W. Jewell, Deceased, and grants that.

Next, the Proposed Stipulated Decision is deemed stricken from the Court’s record in this case. So what about whatever deal IRS and Lisa K. made?

CSTJ Fried says “(I)n order to give effect to the agreement of the remaining parties, as set forth in that now-stricken document,” Order, at p. 1, there is no deficiency in income tax nor overpayment, and  there is no penalty under I.R.C. section 6662(a).

Who needs stipulated facts or decisions?

Prince’s words for The Bangles’ first-hit 1985 single come back to memory, as Congressional largesse has bestowed upon United States Tax Court and me, its humble chronicler, another three-day weekend. Nothing to report.

More music criticism, since Tax Court is closed tomorrow, and I won’t recycle Harry Golden’s “A Klug Zu Columbus’n” story yet again.

Nadine Sierra was in top form last night at the Met as Amina in Vincenzo Bellini’s La Sonnambula, and Ricardo Frizza conducted a taut, gripping performance. I am a Sierra fan, and she gave an incandescent performance.

The big hit came from Lawrence Brownlee’s brilliant performance as Elvino, coming in relief of Xabier Anduaga. The cause of the call to the bullpen is a puzzlement, but the audience was not disappointed. Brownlee and Sierra kept the tension, both dramatic and musical, despite one of the silliest plots in opera, which has no scarcity of unbelievable stories beautifully sung.

I must mention Deborah Nansteel’s strong performance as Amina’s foster mother Teresa. Sydney Mancasola was a strong Lisa, making the most of a cardboard character.

The casting last night was truly splendid, true bel canto and not the unfortunately too prevalent con belto.

The singers were so good I even forgot to loathe the minimalist sets and the tacky bed-in-the-air stunt. While Niara Hardister danced well, her talents would be best employed somewhere else. Alexander Vinogradov sang so well at stage level that I forgive the cutesy ladder-climbing stunt. Bellini goes better without acrobatics.

That’s the question about Orbital Tracking Corp., whose stock was traded on an interdealer over-the-counter market. And it matters to Michael Brauser & Betsy Brauser, Docket No. 20434-23, filed 1010/25, because they want the carryover Section 170 deduction for the 1.576 million shares of OTC they donated to a 501(c)(3).

OTC was of the type we used to call “letter stock,” now subject to SEC Rule 144, which restricts trading in certain shares, which were issued without full SEC registration to sophisticated investors and venture-vultures. But notwithstanding anything to the contrary or at variance with the foregoing, as my expensive colleagues would say, you can still donate such shares to a 501(c)(3) and get the Section 170 write-off, and value same without a Form 8283 appraisal,  if the shares are publicly-traded, per Section 170(f)(11)(A)(ii)(I).

But to reach the publicly-traded safe harbor, one must navigate the exceptions to the exceptions that festoon the Regs. If the shares are traded on a national or regional OTC for which published quotations are available, they’re not publicly-traded if there are substantial restrictions on trading that affect marketability or value. Moreover, they’re not publicly-traded if the amount claimed as a deduction is different from the amount listed in the market quotations that are readily available on an established securities market. And, in any case, the fair market value of a publicly traded security is not necessarily equal to its market quotation, its average trading price, or its face value, if any.

Mike & Betsy want summary J that OTC is publicly-traded and that, if it isn’t, they have reasonable cause (following advice of trusty, long-term CPA) why want of appraisal doesn’t torpedo their deduction.

Anyway, Mike & Betsy say that using a price ($1 per share) lower than the quoted price ($1.25 to $1.30 per share) to calculate their deduction did not violate Reg. Section  1.170A-13(c)(7)(xi)(C), either because they substantially complied with the rule or, with a tip of the Borsalino to Loper Bright,  because the rule is invalid.

Judge Emin (“Eminent”) Toro has no difficulty finding questions of fact.

“Among other things and to varying degrees, there are disputes of material fact regarding the extent to which the Orbital Tracking shares were regularly traded on an over-the-counter market, the extent to which quotations on the over-the-counter market were attributable to interdealer quotation systems, whether any of the steps that would have been required to remove the SEC Rule 144 legend from the shares either affected their value or prevented them from being freely traded, and whether reasonable cause existed for the failure to attach an appraisal to Mr. and Mrs. Brauser’s tax returns.” Order, at p. 6.

Now I do love summary J, as I’ve often stated here. But there comes a point where it’s an obvious waste of time, money, and client and judicial resources.